The New Science of Unidentified Aerospace-Undersea Phenomena (UAP)
Kevin H. Knuth, Matthew Szydagis, Jacques F. Vallee, Garry P. Nolan, Massimo Teodorani, Erling Strand, Robert M. Powell, Philippe Ailleris, et al. (140 co-authors total)
Progress in Aerospace Sciences, Vol. 156
Summary
The most comprehensive peer-reviewed UAP scientific review ever published. 140 co-authors from universities, government agencies, and research organizations across multiple countries - including Knuth, Szydagis, Vallee, Nolan, Teodorani, Strand, and Powell. Published in Progress in Aerospace Sciences (Elsevier) - the same prestigious journal as the 2022 Vallee-Nolan materials characterization paper. Systematically surveys approximately 20 historical government UAP investigation programs spanning 1933 to the present (US, France, UK, Brazil, Russia, and others), documents the state of current private and academic scientific research, and establishes that UAP is a global and historical phenomenon that has been and can be scientifically investigated. Originally posted as arXiv preprint 2502.06794 in January 2025; published in the journal's landmark UAP special issue in June 2025.
Abstract
We review approximately 20 historical government investigations of unidentified aerospace-undersea phenomena (UAP) spanning from 1933 to the present across multiple countries, as well as private and current scientific research efforts. Our goal is to clarify the existing global and historical scientific narrative around UAP and to demonstrate that these phenomena can be, and have been, scientifically investigated. We establish that UAP is not solely an American phenomenon but a worldwide one observed across all continents and recorded by governments, militaries, and independent researchers throughout the 20th and 21st centuries. The paper surveys the current state of instrumented scientific investigation, materials analysis, radar and sensor data collection, and interdisciplinary methodological approaches. We conclude that UAP represent a genuine empirical challenge worthy of rigorous scientific study, that credible evidence of anomalous aerial phenomena has been documented by multiple independent governments under controlled observational conditions, and that the accumulated evidence base warrants the development of systematic, multi-modal scientific investigation programs. The diversity of co-author disciplines and institutional affiliations reflects the genuinely interdisciplinary nature of what rigorous UAP research requires.
Citation
Kevin H. Knuth, Matthew Szydagis, Jacques F. Vallee, Garry P. Nolan, Massimo Teodorani, Erling Strand, Robert M. Powell, Philippe Ailleris, et al. (140 co-authors total). (2025). Progress in Aerospace Sciences. Vol. 156. DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101097
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